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Where Coaxial Cables Are Used in 3D Printers​

  1. High-Resolution Sensors:
    • Encoders on closed-loop stepper motors (e.g., BLDC motors in advanced extruders).
    • Precision temperature sensors (thermocouples) for heated chambers or nozzles.
  2. Signal-Intensive Components:
    • Load cells (auto bed leveling strain gauges).
    • High-speed camera feeds for monitoring/AI error detection.

Why Coax Matters for Print Quality

  • EMI/RFI Shielding: Coax blocks electromagnetic interference (EMI) from motors, heaters, and power cables. Without this, sensors can send false signals → layer shifts, thermal errors, or print failures.
  • Signal Integrity: Maintains accurate data transmission over distance—critical for sensors far from the mainboard (e.g., chamber thermocouples).
  • Durability: Resists wear from continuous motion (e.g., on moving gantries).

When to Consider Coaxial Cable

Use coax if your printer has:

  • Closed-loop systems (e.g., Duet3D, BigTreeTech motor encoders).
  • High-temperature environments (>100°C) where standard cables degrade.
  • Frequent “thermal runaway” or signal errors despite troubleshooting.

Choosing the Right Coaxial Cable

FeatureIdeal for 3D PrintersAvoid
Impedance50Ω or 75Ω (match sensor specs)Mismatched impedance
ShieldingDual-layer (foil + braid)Single-layer shielding
JacketSilicone (flexible, heat-resistant)PVC (stiff, melts easily)
ConnectorsGold-plated (resists oxidation)Cheap tin-plated types

Recommended Types:

  • RG-174: Thin, flexible. Perfect for encoders.
  • RG-316: Higher heat resistance (200°C). Ideal for chamber sensors.

Installation Tips

  • Route Away from Power Cables: Cross coax/power at 90° angles to minimize interference.
  • Secure Strain Relief: Use clips or zip ties near connectors to prevent tug damage.
  • Test Continuity: Multimeter check post-install (signal-to-shield resistance should be >1MΩ).

Troubleshooting Coax Issues

  • Symptoms of Failure:
    • Erratic bed leveling.
    • “MAXTEMP” or “MINTEMP” errors.
    • Layer shifts during high-speed moves.
  • Quick Fixes:
    1. Inspect for kinks/pinch points.
    2. Re-seat connectors (oxidized contacts cause 70% of issues).
    3. Replace with shielded cable if coax isn’t available (temporary fix).

Alternatives When Coax Isn’t Necessary

  • Stepper Motor Wiring: Standard twisted-pair wires suffice (e.g., CAT5).
  • Thermistors: Silicone-coated PTFE wires work for most sub-300°C hotends.

Where to Buy Reliable Cables

  • Trusted Brands: Igus, Lapp Group, TE Connectivity.
  • DIY Kits: Digi-Key, McMaster-Carr (specify “high-flex, shielded”).

Pro Tip:

Always verify cable specifications against your printer’s sensor requirements (consult OEM docs). Over-engineering with heavy coax adds unnecessary weight to moving parts.


Need Parts?​
Find compatible coaxial cables at trusted suppliers:

  • Digi-Key Electronics
  • Mouser Electronics
  • Printed Solid (Prusa-specific)

By selecting the right coaxial cable for sensitive 3D printer components, you’ll reduce print failures and extend hardware life—delivering smoother, more accurate results.

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