The maximum transmission distance of micro coaxial cables depends on factors such as cable specifications, signal types, and environmental conditions. Below is a structured analysis based on industry data and testing results:
1. Cable Diameter and Unamplified Transmission
Thin-gauge cables (e.g., 75-3):
Achieve a maximum distance of 100–150 meters for analog video signals (e.g., PAL-D standard).
For digital signals (e.g., DVI/VGA), distances remain similar but require reduced resolution or refresh rates to maintain stability
Thicker-gauge cables (e.g., 75-5, 75-7):
75-5: Up to 150–200 meters
75-7: Extends to 200–250 meters under ideal conditions
2. Signal Type and Bandwidth Requirements
Low-frequency analog signals:
Surveillance video or audio can reach 250+ meters using high-quality 75-7 cables
High-frequency/digital signals:
Gigabit Ethernet or HD video often requires shorter distances (e.g., <150 meters) due to rapid signal attenuation
For example, 50Ω thin coaxial cables (e.g., RG-58) support a maximum of 185 meters for baseband signals like 10BASE2 Ethernet
3. Amplification and Signal Reinforcement
Coaxial amplifiers:
Extend transmission distances to 400–500 meters, but cascading more than 2–3 amplifiers may cause distortion
Fiber-optic hybrid systems:
Combine coaxial cables with fiber transceivers to exceed 1,200 meters, ideal for long-range surveillance
4. Critical Influencing Factors
Attenuation rates:
High-frequency signals (e.g., 5MHz) lose 0.1 dB/meter in 75-5 cables, limiting practical distances
Environmental interference:
Electromagnetic noise in industrial areas may reduce effective distances by 20–30%
Connector quality:
Poorly crimped or corroded connectors can shorten distances by 30% or more
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